Which energy system primarily utilizes carbohydrates, fats, and proteins for activities lasting more than 3 minutes?

The oxidative system is primarily responsible for ATP production during activities lasting longer than 3 minutes. This energy system relies on the utilization of carbohydrates and fats, and to a lesser extent, proteins, to generate energy through aerobic metabolism.

During prolonged exercise, the body shifts towards using oxygen to convert these macronutrients into energy, which allows for sustained performance. The oxidative system is highly efficient and can support longer durations of physical activity by continuously providing ATP as long as there are sufficient fuel stores and oxygen availability. This contrasts with the other energy systems, which are more suited for immediate or short bursts of activity and do not rely extensively on oxygen for ATP production.