Asthma is characterized by which of the following?

Asthma is primarily characterized by the narrowing of the bronchial airway. This narrowing occurs due to a combination of bronchial inflammation, increased mucus production, and bronchoconstriction, which are responses to various stimuli such as allergens, irritants, or exercise. When the bronchial airways become narrower, it can lead to difficulty in breathing, wheezing, and coughing, which are hallmark symptoms of an asthma attack.

While inflammation and excessive mucus production are also important aspects of asthma, the defining characteristic that distinguishes asthma from other respiratory issues is the specific narrowing of the airways. This airway constriction can vary in severity and can be reversible, which is a key feature that helps differentiate asthma from other chronic lung diseases. Understanding this central concept is crucial for managing asthma and developing effective treatment strategies.